| Simple_Magic_Square_Checker Enter numbers and display the magic square in gif or jpg formats. |
| Skeleton_Magic_Squares Demonstrates methods and algorithms for squares and cubes. |
| Ulearn_Today___article_on_Magic_Squares Introduction. World records up to 1994. |
| A_Very,_Very_Magic_Square A 25x25 magic square with 25 sub-squares and other properties. Maple program and PostScript files available for download. |
| Visual_Magic_Squares_and_Group_Orbits_I Visual approach. Definition of Euler and Conway squares, with generating algorithm for the latter via Group Orbits. References. |
| The_3x3_Distinct_Prime_Magic_Squares_Page A paper describing the generation of 3x3 Distinct Prime Magic Squares using a computer program. |
| The_Zen_of_Magic_Squares,_Circles,_and_Stars Features reviews, information and index of Clifford A. Pickover's book. Publication focuses on historical and cultural attitudes towards the significance of the squares. |
| E3_Information_Overload A librarian's weblog of resources to assist in engineering, mathematics, and statistics education. |
| Eric_Weisstein\'s_World_of_Mathematics Glossary of terms. Material ranges from undergraduate to research level. |
| Frequently_Asked_Questions_in_Mathematics Covers diverse topics such as algebra structure, names for large numbers, how to compute pi and games. |
| How_to_Read_Mathematics Article categorizes some of the strategies for a mathematics reading protocol. |
| Knot_a_Braid_of_Links Award/review service for other math web sites and web pages, with a new selection each week. |
| The_Math_Forum Combined archive and portal to web resources, educational issues, help forums, mailing lists, and teaching materials. |
| The_Mathematical_Atlas Dave Rusin's survey of research-level mathematics, with introductory articles for non-mathematicians and hyperlinked bibliographies in each of dozens of research areas. |
| Mathematics_Archives Combined archive and directory of mathematics web sites, mailing lists, and teaching materials. At University of Tennessee. |
| Mathematics_Weblog Posts mainly about math in the news or math problems of note. |
| Ask_the_Experts Answers to physics questions at Scientific American. |
| Eric_Weisstein\'s_Treasure_Trove_of_Physics Online encyclopedia of physics terms and formulas. Full searchable, and also browsable alphabetically and by topic. Part of Eric's Treasure Troves of Science. |
| The_Net_Advance_of_Physics MIT resource providing discussions at various levels of sophistication that cover all areas of physics. |
| The_Physical_World Answers to simple physics questions, from New Scientist. |
| Physics_and_Astronomy_Classification_Scheme_(PACS) Hierarchical numbering scheme, developed by the American Institute of Physics, used to identify fields and sub-fields of physics. |
| Physics_Central Find out how physics is part of your world. We answer your questions on how things work and keep you informed with daily updates on physics in the news. We describe the latest research and the peop |
| Physics_Central A page on modern physics, such as quantum mechanics and black holes, and some mathematics. |
| Physics_News_Graphics Diagrams (with captions) appearing in various AIP publications, sorted by category or by date. |
| Physics_on_MathPages Articles, leaning towards a mathematical description, on a wide range of topics in physics. |
| Physics_Post A tutorial and article driven community. Votes, science news and a discussion forum. |
| Physics_Today The flagship publication of the American Institute of Physics (AIP). Provides feature articles, news stories, analyses, book and product reviews, a searchable job database, and obituaries. |
| Physics_org Searchable database of physics resources from the Institute of Physics which matches a person's question, age and knowledge profile to handpicked sites. Also includes the Physics Life animation. |
| PhysicsWeb Physics news, jobs, equipment buyer's guide, and events. |
| PhysLINK Links to physics departments, physical societies, journals, job information, and other physics related information. |
| Physnet___The_Physics_Departments_and_Documents_Network Serves information from physics departments and institutes worldwide: departmental information, locally stored documents, authoring tools, free access journals, jobs, conferences and education materi |
| PhysOrg_com Physics news, semiconductor technology news, space news and a scientific forum. |
| Usenet_Physics_FAQ sci.physics frequently asked questions with answers. |
| What_You_Want_To_Know_About_Physics Summarizes in simple language, without advanced mathematics, the foundations of physics. The index gives direct access to selected topics. |
| World_Year_of_Physics_2005 International effort to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Miraculous Year (1905) and raise public awareness of physics. |
| Scientific_American_-__Questions_That_Plague_Physics A conversation with Lawrence M. Krauss, chair of the physics department at Case Western Reserve University. [PDF] (August, 2004) |
| Physics_Today News, feature articles, reviews, obituaries, and other items from the monthly magazine for the physics community. [RSS] |
| About_Chemistry News articles, periodic tables, educational resources, newsletters, and annotated links. |
| Chemical_Forums Discussion boards for all areas of chemistry, at levels ranging from high school to graduate school and practicing chemists. Site also includes web directory, periodic table, articles, and reference t |
| CHEMINFO__Chemical_Information_Sources_from_Indiana_University Site designed to help people find and learn how to use chemical information resources on the Internet and elsewhere. Email discussion list available. |
There are more magic squares of order 10 than elementary particles in our universe and in trillions of other universes (if they exist).
Number of magic squares
The results of historical and computer enumeration of magic squares
Ultramagic squares are both pandiagonal and centrally symmetrical.
Ultramagic squares of order 7
Properties, transformations and beautiful examples of these squares.
Read how to determine all 20,190,684 different squares.
2 + 8 + 9 + 15 is a magic (trimagic) series of order 4.
Magic series (new formulae discovered!)
Read all about these building blocks of magic objects.
Don't be afraid of exact numbers with more than 100 digits.
How many magic squares of higher orders are there?
Estimates of the number of magic squares (cubes, hypercubes)
Magic series and probability considerations enable us to estimate the numbers of magic objects.
How many magic lines can a magic cube of small order possess?
Perfect magic cubes
The successful search for the smallest perfect magic cube in 2003.
Strategy and source code of a special approximation
Number of normal magic order-6 squares
Learn about the Monte Carlo backtracking algorithm.
Links to great sites about magic squares and cubes
Each of these sites covers the subject very completely and contains many further links.
Walter Trump, Nürnberg, Germany, © 2003-05-05 (last modified: 2007-04-20)
Thanks to Hugh Casement for his help with the English texts.
