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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Rubidium - EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Rubidium Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
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Periodic Table of Elements: Rubidium – Rb (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
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Periodic Table of ElementsElement Rubidium – RbComprehensive data on the chemical element Rubidium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Rubidium.
Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one studies.
Using the "Periodic Table of Elements Quick Navigation" graphic at the bottom of the sidebar menu, one can quickly jump from chemical element to chemical element.
Rubidium Menu
Rubidium Page One
Overview of Rubidium
Rubidium's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Rubidium
Chemical Properties of Rubidium
Physical Properties of Rubidium
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Rubidium Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Overview of Rubidium
Atomic Number:37
Group: 1
Period: 5
Series: Alkali Metals
Rubidium's Name in Other LanguagesLatin: RubidiumCzech: RubidiumCroatian: RubidijFrench:
RubidiumGerman: Rubidium - sItalian: RubidioNorwegian: RubidiumPortuguese: Rubidio
Russian:  Spanish: RubídioSwedish:
Rubidium
Atomic Structure of Rubidium
Atomic Radius: 2.98Å
Atomic Volume: 55.9cm3/mol
Covalent Radius: 2.16Å
Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)  a/barns: 0.38
Crystal Structure: Cubic body centered
Electron Configuration:1s2
2s2p6
3s2p6d10
4s2p6
5s1
Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,8,1
Shell Model
Ionic Radius: 1.52Å
Filling Orbital: 5s1
Number of Electrons (with no charge): 37
Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 48
Number of Protons: 37
Oxidation States: 1
Valence Electrons: 5s1
Electron Dot Model
Chemical Properties of Rubidium
Electrochemical Equivalent: 3.1888g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function: 2.16eV
Electronegativity: 0.82 (Pauling); 0.89 (Allrod Rochow)
Heat of Fusion: 2.192kJ/mol
Incompatibilities:
Ionization PotentialFirst: 4.177Second: 27.28Third: 40
Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 9.47
Physical Properties of Rubidium
Atomic Mass Average: 85.4678
Boiling Point: 961K 688°C 1270°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 90E-6
ConductivityElectrical: 0.0779 106/cm  Thermal: 0.582 W/cmK
Density: 1.63g/cc @ 300K
Description:Soft silver white metal that oxidises rapidly and ignites in air.
Elastic Modulus:Bulk: 2.5/GPaRigidity: 0.91/GPaYoungs: 2.35/GPa
Enthalpy of Atomization: 82 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 2.19 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 69.2 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class:
Freezing Point: see melting point
Hardness ScaleBrinell: 0.216 MN m-2Mohs: 0.3
Heat of Vaporization: 72.216kJ/mol
Melting Point: 312.79K 39.64°C 103.35°F
Molar Volume: 55.79 cm3/mole
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
Specific Heat: 0.363J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 0.000156Pa@39.64°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
7440-17-7
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)No limits set by OSHA
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989No limits set by OSHA
NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)No limits set by NIOSH
Levels In Humans:Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.Blood/mg dm-3: 2.49Bone/p.p.m: 0.1-5Liver/p.p.m: 20-70Muscle/p.p.m: 20-70Daily Dietary Intake: 1.5-6 mgTotal Mass In Avg. 70kg
human: 680 mg
Discovery Year: 1861Name Origin:Latin: rubidus (red); the color its salts impart to flames.
Abundance of Rubidium:Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 90
Seawater/p.p.m.: 0.12
Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 400
Sources of Rubidium:Occurs abundantly, but so widespread that production is limited. Usually obtained from lithium production.
Uses of Rubidium:Has limited commercial uses and is primarily used for research purposes.
Additional Notes:
[Last update: 2/22/2007]Notes below
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Rubidium Menu
Rubidium Page One
Overview of Rubidium
Rubidium's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Rubidium
Chemical Properties of Rubidium
Physical Properties of Rubidium
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Rubidium Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Related Resources
Anatomy of the Atom
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Molarity, Molality and Normality
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