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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Platinum - It's Elemental: Platinum Basic physical and historical information.
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It's Elemental - The Element PlatinumPrivacy and Security NoticeJefferson LabJefferson Lab HomeSearchContact JLabScience Education----------------------Science Education HomeTeacher ResourcesStudent ZoneGames and PuzzlesPrograms and EventsSearch EducationIt's ElementalPrevious ElementPrevious ElementTable of ElementsNext ElementNext Element 78PtPlatinum195.084PlatinumAtomic Number:78Atomic Weight:195.084Melting Point:2041.55 K (1768.4°C or 3215.1°F)Boiling Point:4098 K (3825°C or 6917°F)Density:21.46 grams per cubic centimeterPhase at Room Temperature:SolidElement Classification:MetalPeriod Number:6Group Number:10Group Name:noneWhat's in a name?From the Spainsh word for silver, platina.Say what?Platinum is pronounced as PLAT-n-en.History and Uses:Used by the pre-Columbian Indians of South America, platinum wasn't noticed by western scientists until 1735. Platinum can occur free in nature and is sometimes found in deposits of gold-bearing sands, primarily those found in the Ural mountains, Columbia and the western United States. Platinum, in the form of the mineral sperrylite (PtAs2), is also obtained as a byproduct of the nickel mining operation in the Sudbury region of Ontario, Canada. Credit for the modern rediscovery of platinum is usually given to Antonio de Ulloa. Platinum is a soft, dense, ductile metal that is very resistant to corrosion. It is used to make jewelry, wire, electrical contacts and laboratory vessels. Platinum expands at nearly the same rate as soda-lime-silica glass, so it is used to make sealed electrodes in glass systems. Platinum is used to coat missile nose cones, jet engine fuel nozzles and other devices that must operate reliably for long periods of time at high temperatures. Platinum resistance wires are used in high temperature electric furnaces. Platinum anodes are used in cathodic protection systems to prevent ships, pipelines and steel piers from corroding in salt water.Platinum is widely used as a catalyst. It will convert methyl alcohol vapors (CH4O) into formaldehyde (CH2O) on contact, glowing red hot in the process. This effect is used to make small hand warmers. Platinum is also used in a device called a catalytic converter, a device found in the exhaust systems of most cars. Catalytic converters combine carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned fuel from a car's exhaust with oxygen from the air, forming carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O). Platinum is also used as a catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and in the cracking of petroleum products. Fuel cells, devices that combine hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity and water, also use platinum as a catalyst.Estimated Crustal Abundance:5×10-3 milligrams per kilogramEstimated Oceanic Abundance:No Data AvailableNumber of Stable Isotopes:5(View all isotope data)Ionization Energy:9.0 eVOxidation States:+4, +2Electron Shell Configuration:1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d104f145s25p65d96s1This page is maintained by Steve Gagnon.Citation and linking information
 

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