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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Platinum - EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Platinum Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
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Periodic Table of Elements: Platinum – Pt (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
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Periodic Table of ElementsElement Platinum – PtComprehensive data on the chemical element Platinum is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Platinum.
Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one studies.
Using the "Periodic Table of Elements Quick Navigation" graphic at the bottom of the sidebar menu, one can quickly jump from chemical element to chemical element.
Platinum Menu
Platinum Page One
Overview of Platinum
Platinum's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Platinum
Chemical Properties of Platinum
Physical Properties of Platinum
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Platinum Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Platinum Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Platinum
Overview of Platinum
Atomic Number:78
Group: 10
Period: 6
Series: Transition Metals
Platinum's Name in Other LanguagesLatin: PlatinumCzech: PlatinaCroatian: PlatinaFrench:
PlatineGerman: Platin - eItalian: PlatinoNorwegian: PlatinaPortuguese: Platina
Russian:  Spanish: PlatinoSwedish:
Platina
Atomic Structure of Platinum
Atomic Radius: 1.83Å
Atomic Volume: 9.1cm3/mol
Covalent Radius: 1.3Å
Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)  a/barns: 0.96
Crystal Structure: Cubic face centered
Electron Configuration:1s2
2s2p6
3s2p6d10
4s2p6d10f14
5s2p6d9
6s1
Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,32,17,1
Shell Model
Ionic Radius: 0.625Å
Filling Orbital: 5d9
Number of Electrons (with no charge): 78
Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 117
Number of Protons: 78
Oxidation States: 2,4
Valence Electrons: 5d9 6s1
Chemical Properties of Platinum
Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.8197g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function: 5.65eV
Electronegativity: 2.28 (Pauling); 1.44 (Allrod Rochow)
Heat of Fusion: 19.6kJ/mol
Incompatibilities:Aluminum, acetone, arsenic, ethane, hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide, lithium,
phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, various fluorides
Ionization PotentialFirst: 9Second: 18.563
Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 92.2
Physical Properties of Platinum
Atomic Mass Average: 195.08
Boiling Point: 4100K 3827°C 6921°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 9E-6
ConductivityElectrical: 0.0966 106/cm  Thermal: 0.716 W/cmK
Density: 21.45g/cc @ 300K
Description:Silver white transition metal.
Elastic Modulus:Bulk: 276/GPaRigidity: 60.9/GPaYoungs: 170/GPa
Enthalpy of Atomization: 565 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 19.7 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 510.5 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class: Non-combustible solid (except as dust)
Freezing Point: see melting point
Hardness ScaleBrinell: 392 MN m-2Mohs: 3.5Vickers: 549 MN m-2
Heat of Vaporization: 510kJ/mol
Melting Point: 2045K 1772°C 3222°F
Molar Volume: 9.09 cm3/mole
Optical Reflectivity: 73%
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
Specific Heat: 0.13J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 0.0312Pa@1772°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
7440-06-4
RTECS: TP2160000OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)No limits set by
OSHA
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989TWA: 1 mg/m3
NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)TWA: 1 mg/m3
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation; Ingestion; Skin and/or eye contact
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system
Levels In Humans:Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.Blood/mg dm-3: n/aBone/p.p.m: n/aLiver/p.p.m: n/aMuscle/p.p.m: n/aDaily Dietary Intake: n/aTotal Mass In Avg. 70kg human:
n/a
Who / Where / When / HowDiscoverer: Known to pre-Columbian South Americans. Taken to Europe around 1750Discovery Location: South America
Discovery Year: UnknownName Origin:Spanish: platina (little silver).
Abundance of Platinum:Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 0.001
Seawater/p.p.m.: Atlantic Suface: N/AAtlantic Deep: N/APacific Surface: 1.1E-07Pacific Deep: 2.7E-07
Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 56.2
Sources of Platinum:Produced from platinum ore or native platinum deposits. Primary mining areas are Urals in Russia, Canada, South Africa Columbia and Peru. Annual world wide production is around 30 tons.
Uses of Platinum:Used in jewelry, to make crucibles, special containers, as a catalyst, in dental crowns, as an anti-tumor agent and to make standard weights and measures. It is also combined with cobalt to produce very strong magnets.
Additional Notes:Some sources attribute the discovery of platinum to Antonio de Ulloa of Spain in 1735 or Wood in 1741, however, it had been known to and used by the pre-Columbian Indians in South America long before that time. For this reason we have opted to credit
the first users of platinum with the discovery, not the European explorers/scientists that "rediscovered" it and brought it to Europe.
[Last update: 2/22/2007]Notes below
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Platinum Menu
Platinum Page One
Overview of Platinum
Platinum's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Platinum
Chemical Properties of Platinum
Physical Properties of Platinum
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Platinum Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Platinum Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Platinum
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This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
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