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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Nickel - LANL: Nickel Sources, properties, and uses.

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Nickel Data tables and historic information.

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WebElements__Nickel Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.

Wikipedia__Nickel Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.

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Nickel /* No Right Click Copyright Mike McGrath (http://website.lineone.net/~mike_mcgrath/) To add more shock to your site, visit www.DHTML Shock.com */ Back to the Periodic Table

Atomic Number: 28 Atomic Radius: 124.6 pm Atomic Symbol: Ni Melting Point: 1455 �C Atomic Weight: 58.70 Boiling Point: 2913 �C Electron Configuration: [Ar]4s23d8 Oxidation States: 3, 2

History

(German Nickel, Satan and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper) Cronstedt discovered nickel in 1751 in kupfernickel (niccolite).

Sources

Nickel is found as a constituent in most meteorites and often serves as one of the criteria for distinguishing a meteorite from other minerals. Iron meteorites, or siderites, may contain iron alloyed with from 5 percent to nearly 20 percent nickel. Nickel is obtained commercially from pentlandite and pyrrhotite of the Sudbury region of Ontario, a district that produces about 30 percent of the world's supply of nickel. Other deposits are found in New Caledonia, Australia, Cuba, Indonesia, and elsewhere.

Properties

Nickel is silvery white and takes on a high polish. It is hard, malleable, ductile, somewhat ferromagnetic, and a fair conductor of heat and electricity. It belongs to the iron-cobalt group of metals and is chiefly valuable for the alloys it forms.

Uses

It is extensively used for making stainless steel and other corrosion-resistant alloys such as Invar(R), Monel(R), Inconel(R), and the Hastelloys(R). Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water. Nickel, used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults, and is also a component in Nichrome(R), Permalloy(R), and constantan. Nickel gives glass a greenish color. Nickel plating is often used to provide a protective coating for other metals, and finely divided nickel is a catalyst for hydrogenating vegetable oils. It is also used in ceramics, in the manufacture of Alnico magnets, and in the Edison(R) storage battery.

Isotopes

The sulfate and the oxides are important compounds. Natural nickel is a mixture of five stable isotopes; nine other unstable isotopes are known.

Handling

Exposure to nickel metal and soluble compounds (as Ni) should not exceed 0.05 mg/cm3 (8-hour time-weighted average per 40-hour work week). Nickel sulfide fume and dust is recognized as being potentially carcinogenic. Title Picture: Nickel?

Sources: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics and the American Chemical Society. Chemistry Division Home

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