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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Titanium - It's Elemental: Titanium Basic physical and historical information.
LANL__Titanium History, sources, uses, and properties.

Lenntech__Titanium Physical data, chemical properties, and health effects.

Titanium Data tables and historic information.

USGS_Minerals_Information__Titanium Statistics and information on the worldwide supply, demand, and flow of the element (PDF format).

Visual_Elements__Titanium Image, general and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies.

WebElements__Titanium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.

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It's Elemental - The Element TitaniumPrivacy and Security NoticeJefferson LabJefferson Lab HomeSearchContact JLabScience Education----------------------Science Education HomeTeacher ResourcesStudent ZoneGames and PuzzlesPrograms and EventsSearch EducationIt's ElementalPrevious ElementPrevious ElementTable of ElementsNext ElementNext Element 22TiTitanium47.867TitaniumAtomic Number:22Atomic Weight:47.867Melting Point:1941 K (1668°C or 3034°F)Boiling Point:3560 K (3287°C or 5949°F)Density:4.5 grams per cubic centimeterPhase at Room Temperature:SolidElement Classification:MetalPeriod Number:4Group Number:4Group Name:noneWhat's in a name?From the Greek word Titans, the mythological "first sons of the Earth."Say what?Titanium is pronounced as tie-TAY-ni-em.History and Uses:Titanium was discovered in 1791 by the Reverend William Gregor, an English pastor. Pure titanium was first produced by Matthew A. Hunter, an American metallurgist, in 1910. Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust and is primarily found in the minerals rutile (TiO2), ilmenite (FeTiO3) and sphene (CaTiSiO5). Titanium makes up about 0.57% of the earth's crust.Titanium is a strong, light metal. It is as strong as steel and twice as strong as aluminum, but is 45% lighter than steel and only 60% heavier than aluminum. Titanium is not easily corroded by sea water and is used in propeller shafts, rigging and other parts of boats that are exposed to sea water. Titanium and titanium alloys are used in airplanes, missiles and rockets where strength, low weight and resistance to high temperatures are important. Since titanium does not react within the human body, it is used to create artificial hips, pins for setting bones and for other biological implants. Unfortunately, the high cost of titanium has limited its widespread use.Titanium oxide (TiO2) is used as a pigment to create white paint and accounts for the largest use of the element. Pure titanium oxide is relatively clear and is used to create titania, an artificial gemstone. Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), another titanium compound, has been used to make smoke screens.A final bit of titanium trivia -- titanium is the only element that will burn in an atmosphere of pure nitrogen.Estimated Crustal Abundance:5.65×103 milligrams per kilogramEstimated Oceanic Abundance:1×10-3 milligrams per literNumber of Stable Isotopes:5(View all isotope data)Ionization Energy:6.828 eVOxidation States:+4, +3, +2Electron Shell Configuration:1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2This page is maintained by Steve Gagnon.Citation and linking information
 

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