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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Titanium - EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Titanium Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
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Periodic Table of Elements: Titanium – Ti (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
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Periodic Table of ElementsElement Titanium – TiComprehensive data on the chemical element Titanium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Titanium.
Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one studies.
Using the "Periodic Table of Elements Quick Navigation" graphic at the bottom of the sidebar menu, one can quickly jump from chemical element to chemical element.
Titanium Menu
Titanium Page One
Overview of Titanium
Titanium's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Titanium
Chemical Properties of Titanium
Physical Properties of Titanium
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Titanium Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Titanium Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Titanium
Overview of Titanium
Atomic Number:22
Group: 4
Period: 4
Series: Transition Metals
Titanium's Name in Other LanguagesLatin: TitaniumCzech: TitanCroatian: TitanijFrench:
TitaneGerman: Titan - rItalian: TitanioNorwegian: TitanPortuguese: Titânio
Russian:  Spanish: TitanioSwedish:
Titan
Atomic Structure of Titanium
Atomic Radius: 2Å
Atomic Volume: 10.64cm3/mol
Covalent Radius: 1.32Å
Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture)  a/barns: 6.09
Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
Electron Configuration:1s2
2s2p6
3s2p6d2
4s2
Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,10,2
Shell Model
Ionic Radius: 0.605Å
Filling Orbital: 3d2
Number of Electrons (with no charge): 22
Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 26
Number of Protons: 22
Oxidation States: 4
Valence Electrons: 3d2 4s2
Electron Dot Model
Chemical Properties of Titanium
Electrochemical Equivalent: 0.4468g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function: 4.33eV
Electronegativity: 1.54 (Pauling); 1.32 (Allrod Rochow)
Heat of Fusion: 15.45kJ/mol
Incompatibilities:
Ionization PotentialFirst: 6.82Second: 13.58Third: 27.491
Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 95.2
Physical Properties of Titanium
Atomic Mass Average: 47.88
Boiling Point: 3560K 3287°C 5949°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 8.35E-6
ConductivityElectrical: 0.0234 106/cm  Thermal: 0.219 W/cmK
Density: 4.54g/cc @ 300K
Description:Pure titanium is a lustrous white metal, as strong as steel, 45% lighter than steel and 60% heavier than aluminum.
Elastic Modulus:Bulk: 108.4/GPaRigidity: 45.6/GPaYoungs: 120.2/GPa
Enthalpy of Atomization: 468.6 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 15.48 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 429 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class:
Freezing Point: see melting point
Hardness ScaleBrinell: 716 MN m-2Mohs: 6Vickers: 970 MN m-2
Heat of Vaporization: 421kJ/mol
Melting Point: 1933K 1660°C 3020°F
Molar Volume: 10.64 cm3/mole
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
Specific Heat: 0.52J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 0.49Pa@1660°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
7440-32-6
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)No limits set by OSHA
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989No limits set by OSHA
NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)No limits set by NIOSH
Levels In Humans:Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.Blood/mg dm-3: 0.054Bone/p.p.m: n/aLiver/p.p.m: 1.2-4.7Muscle/p.p.m: 0.9-2.2Daily Dietary Intake: 0.8 mgTotal Mass In Avg. 70kg
human: 20 mg
Discovery Year: 1791Name Origin:Greek mythology: titanos (Titans), the sons of the Earth goddess.
Abundance of Titanium:Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 5600
Seawater/p.p.m.: 0.00048
Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 112000
Sources of Titanium:Usually occurs in the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile
(TiO2). Also in Titaniferous magnetite, titanite (CaTiSiO5), and iron ores. Annually world wide production is around 99,000 tons. Primary mining areas are Norway, India, Brazil, canada, USA, Russia.
Uses of Titanium:Since it is strong and resists acids it is used in many alloys. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment that covers surfaces very well, is used in paint, rubber, paper and many other materials. Also used in heat exchangers, airplane motors, bone pins and
other things requiring light weight metals or metals that resist corrosion or high temperatures. Titanium oxide is used extensively in paints.
Additional Notes:Titanium is Latin and refers to the Titans, the first sons of the earth in Mythology. It was discovered by Gregor in 1791, then independantly discovered by M.H. Klaproth in 1795 in Berlin Germany. This element was named by Klaproth. It was nearly a hundred
years later (1887) when impure titanium was first prepared by Nilson and Pettersson. About 20 years later Hunter heated Titanium Chloride TiCl4 with sodium in a steel bomb and isolated 99.6% pure titanium. It is the ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust and is also found in meteorites and in the sun. It is
found in the ash of coal, in plants and even in the human body. It occurs in the minerals rutile, ilmenite and sphene.
[Last update: 2/22/2007]Notes below
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Titanium Menu
Titanium Page One
Overview of Titanium
Titanium's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Titanium
Chemical Properties of Titanium
Physical Properties of Titanium
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Titanium Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Titanium Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Titanium
Related Resources
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This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
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