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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Calcium - WebElements: Calcium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element.
Wikipedia__Calcium Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics.

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Calcium

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Calcium: the essentials

calcium symbol icon  Brief description: calcium as the element is a grey silvery metal. The metal is rather hard. Calcium is an essential constituent of leaves, bones, teeth, and shells. Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust and makes up more than 3% of the crust. Calcium does not occur as the metal itself in nature and instead is found in various minerals including as limestone, gypsum and fluorite. Stalagmites and stalactites contain calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Calcium carbonate is the basis of the cement industry.Calcium is classified chemically as one of the alkaline earth elements (that is, in Group 2 of the periodic table. The metal is rather reactive. It readily forms a white coating of calcium nitride (Ca3N2) in air. It reacts with water and the metal burns with a yellow-red flame, forming largely the nitride.Table: basic information about and classifications of calcium. Name: Calcium Symbol: Ca Atomic number: 20 Atomic weight: 40.078 (4) [see note g] Standard state: solid at 298 KCAS Registry ID: 7440-70-2 Group in periodic table: 2 Group name: Alkaline earth metal Period in periodic table: 4 Block in periodic table: s-block Colour: silvery whiteClassification: Metalliccalcium This sample is from The Elements Collection, an attractive and safely packaged collection of the 92 naturally occurring elements that is available for sale.

Isolation

Isolation: calcium metal is readily available commercially and there is no need to make it in the laboratory. Commercially it can be made by the electrolysis of molten calcium chloride, CaCl2.cathode: Ca2+(l) + 2e- → Caanode: Cl-(l) → 1/2Cl2 (g) + e-The calcium chloride is made by the action of hydrochloric acid upon calcium carbonate. Calcium chloride is also a byproduct in the Solway process used to make sodium carbonate.CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2Alternatively, and on small scale, calcium can be made through the reduction of CaO with aluminium or of CaCl2 with sodium metal6CaO + 2Al→ 3Ca + Ca3Al2O6CaCl2 + 2Na→ Ca + 2NaCl

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WebElements now has an online shop at which you can buy periodic table posters, mugs, T-shirts, games, molecular models, and more.WebElements posterPeriodic table t-shirtsPeriodic table mouse matsMolymod molecular model kitsPeriodic table card gamesIsotope dataCrystal structureElectronic dataHistoryGeologyAtom sizesCompoundscalcium atomic number Calcium locationNaMg KCaScRbSrYActiniumAluminiumAluminumAmericiumAntimonyArgonArsenicAstatineBariumBerkeliumBerylliumBismuthBohriumBoronBromineCadmiumCaesiumCalciumCaliforniumCarbonCeriumCesiumChlorineChromiumCobaltCopperCuriumDarmstadtiumDubniumDysprosiumEinsteiniumErbiumEuropiumFermiumFluorineFranciumGadoliniumGalliumGermaniumGoldHafniumHassiumHeliumHolmiumHydrogenIndiumIodineIridiumIronKryptonLanthanumLawrenciumLeadLithiumLutetiumMagnesiumManganeseMeitneriumMendeleviumMercuryMolybdenumNeodymiumNeonNeptuniumNickelNiobiumNitrogenNobeliumOsmiumOxygenPalladiumPhosphorusPlatinumPlutoniumPoloniumPotassiumPraseodymiumPromethiumProtactiniumRadiumRadonRheniumRhodiumRoentgeniumRubidiumRutheniumRutherfordiumSamariumScandiumSeaborgiumSeleniumSiliconSilverSodiumStrontiumSulfurSulphurTantalumTechnetiumTelluriumTerbiumThalliumThoriumThuliumTinTitaniumTungstenUnunbiumUnunhexiumUnunoctiumUnunpentiumUnunquadiumUnunseptiumUnuntriumUraniumVanadiumXenonYtterbiumYttriumZincZirconiumcalcium symbolSearch WebElements Search Chemistry Web@import url(http://www.google.com/cse/api/branding.css); Google Custom Search Union flag icon CalciumFrench flag icon CalciumGerman flag icon CalciumDutch flag icon CalciumItalian flag icon CalcioSpanish flag icon CalcioSwedish flag icon KalciumPortuguese flag icon CálcioCalciumEssential data: names, symbol, atomic number, and atomic weight; block, period, and group in periodic table; description; standard state; registry number; and isolationHistory: meaning of name; discovery; and history of the elementFind a propertyCalcium around usUsesGeology: Abundance of elements in the universe; the sun; meteorites; Earth's crust; oceans; and streamsBiology: Abundance in humans; biological role; and health hazards)Calcium compoundsCompounds: halides, oxides, sulfides, hydrides, and complexes; lattice energies; and reduction potentialsElectronegativities: Pauling; Sanderson; Allred Rochow; Mulliken-Jaffe; and AllenBond enthalpies of diatomic speciesLattice energiesElement propertiesPhysics properties: Boiling point; melting point; density; molar volume; thermal conductivity; and electrical resistivity; bulk modulus; critical temperature; superconductivity temperature; hardness (mineralogical, Brinell, and Vickers); linear expansion coefficient; Poisson's ratio; reflectivity; refractive index; rigidity modulus; Young's modulus; velocity of soundImagesReactions of calcium: reactions of calcium with air; water; halogens; acids; and basesCrystal structureThermochemistry: enthalpies of atomization, fusion, and vaporization; thermodynamic propertiesAtom propertiesElectron shell properties: Electronic configuration; term symbol; electron affinity; ionization energies; and atomic spectraAtom sizes: atomic radius; Shannon and Pauling ionic radii; covalent radius; metallic radius; element bond length; and Van der Waals radiusAtomic orbital properties: effective nuclear charge; electron binding energies; and valence orbital radii maximaNuclear propertiesIsotopes: isotope abundances; radioactive isotopes; isotope masses; nuclear spins; and nuclear magnetic momentNMR properties: frequencies; isotopes; magnetogyric ratios; quadrupole moments; receptivities; and relative sensitivitiesBooksChemistry Books (CA)Chemiebücher (DE)Livres de chimie (FR)Medical Bookshop (UK)Medical Bookstore (USA)Physics Bookshop (UK)Biology Bookshop (UK)Law, Business, and Finance Bookshop (UK)Scientific book store (USA)Scientific book store (UK)WebElements ShopPalmElementsFlashElementsWapElementsPrintable tableSponsor calciumChemputerWebElements HomeAbout WebElementsCopyrightAcknowledgementsHelpWebElements: the periodic table on the WWW [http://www.webelements.com/]Copyright 1993-2008 Mark Winter [The University of Sheffield and WebElements Ltd, UK]. All rights reserved. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www.");document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ca/key.html/" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-1258893-1");pageTracker._initData();pageTracker._trackPageview();
 

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