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Title: Chemistry/Elements/Hydrogen - EnvironmentalChemistry.com: Hydrogen Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides.
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Especiál_Gas_Inc___Hydrogen Numeric data, uses, and general information.
| Hydrogen Data tables and historic information.
| Hydrogen_Energies_and_Spectrum The Bohr model for an electron transition in hydrogen between quantized energy levels with different quantum numbers n yields a photon by emission with quantum energy.
| It\'s_Elemental__Hydrogen Basic physical and historical information.
| LANL__Hydrogen Brief reference on the element includes discussion of the sources of hydrogen, its current uses, and potential for new energy applications.
| Lenntech__Hydrogen Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects.
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Periodic Table of Elements: Hydrogen – H (EnvironmentalChemistry.com)
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Periodic Table of ElementsElement Hydrogen – HComprehensive data on the chemical element Hydrogen is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Hydrogen.
Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one studies.
Using the "Periodic Table of Elements Quick Navigation" graphic at the bottom of the sidebar menu, one can quickly jump from chemical element to chemical element.
Hydrogen Menu
Hydrogen Page One
Overview of Hydrogen
Hydrogen's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Hydrogen
Chemical Properties of Hydrogen
Physical Properties of Hydrogen
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Hydrogen Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Hydrogen Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Hydrogen
Overview of Hydrogen
Atomic Number:1
Group: 1
Period: 1
Series: Nonmetals
Hydrogen's Name in Other LanguagesLatin: HydrogeniumCzech: VodíkCroatian: VodikFrench:
HydrogéneGerman: Wasserstoft - rItalian: IdrogenoNorwegian: HydrogenPortuguese: Hidrogênio
Russian:  Spanish: HidrógenoSwedish:
Väte
Atomic Structure of Hydrogen
Atomic Radius: 0.79Å
Atomic Volume: 14.4cm3/mol
Covalent Radius: 0.32Å
Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) a/barns: 0.3326
Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
Electron Configuration:1s1
Electrons per Energy Level: 1
Shell Model
Ionic Radius: 0.012Å
Filling Orbital: 1s1
Number of Electrons (with no charge): 1
Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 0
Number of Protons: 1
Oxidation States: 1
Valence Electrons: 1s1
Electron Dot Model
Chemical Properties of Hydrogen
Electrochemical Equivalent: 0.037605g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function:
Electronegativity: 2.2 (Pauling); 2.2 (Allrod Rochow)
Heat of Fusion: 0.05868kJ/mol
Incompatibilities:metals, oxidizing materials, metal oxides, combustible materials, halogens, metal salts, halo carbons
Ionization PotentialFirst: 13.598
Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 1200
Physical Properties of Hydrogen
Atomic Mass Average: 1.00794
Boiling Point: 20.418K -252.732°C -422.918°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: N/A
ConductivityElectrical: Thermal: 0.001815 W/cmK
Density: 0.0899g/L @ 273K & 1atm
Description:Tasteless, colorless, odorless and extremely flammable gas.
Enthalpy of Atomization: 217.6 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 0.059 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 0.449 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class: Highly flammable gasAuto Ignition Temp: 773K 500°C 932°F
Explosive LimitsLower (LEL): 17%Upper (UEL): 56%
Flammable LimitsLower (LFL): 4%Upper (UFL): 75%
Flash Point: 20K -253°C -423°FTheoretical (there are no oxidizing
materials i.e. oxygen in the gas state at this temperature, which is necessary to support combustion.)
Freezing Point: see melting point
Heat of Vaporization: 0.44936kJ/mol
Melting Point: 14.175K -258.975°C -434°F
Molar Volume: 14.1 cm3/mole
Optical Refractive Index: 1.000132 (gas) 1.12 (liquid)
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Gas
Realitive Gas Density (Air=1) = 0.0694
Specific Heat: 14.304J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 1570mmHg@-250°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
1333-74-0 Compressed gas
UN/NA ID and ERG Guide Number
UN1049 / 115 Compressed gas
UN1966 / 115 Refrigerated liquid
RTECS: MW8900000NFPA 704Health: 1Fire: 4Reactivity:
0Special Hazard: OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)No limits set by OSHA
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989No limits set by OSHA
NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)No limits set by NIOSH
Levels In Humans:Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.Blood/mg dm-3: n/aBone/p.p.m: n/aLiver/p.p.m: n/aMuscle/p.p.m: n/aDaily Dietary Intake: n/aTotal Mass In Avg. 70kg human:
n/a
Who / Where / When / HowDiscoverer: Henry CavendishDiscovery Location: London England
Discovery Year: 1766Name Origin:Greek: hydro (water) and genes (generate)
Abundance of Hydrogen:Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: N/A
Seawater/p.p.m.: N/A
Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 73
Sources of Hydrogen:Found chiefly combined with oxygen in the form of water, also found in mines and oil & gas wells. Stars contain a virtually unlimited supply hydrogen and in the universe, hydrogen is the most abundant element (hydrogen makes up 73% of the mass of the visible
universe). Annual world production of hydrogen is around 350,000,000,000 cubic meters.
Uses of Hydrogen:Hydrogen's uses include: being used in the production of ammonia, ethanol, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide; the hydrogenation of vegetable oils; hydrocracking, hydroforming and hydrofining of petroleum; atomic-hydrogen welding; instrument-carrying
ballons; fuel in rockets; and cryogenic research. Its two heavier isotopes, deuterium (D) and tritium (T), are used respectively for nuclear fission and fusion. Also used in fuel cells for electric cars and other electric machines/devices.
Additional Notes:
[Last update: 2/22/2007]Notes below
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Hydrogen Menu
Hydrogen Page One
Overview of Hydrogen
Hydrogen's Name in Other Languages
Atomic Structure of Hydrogen
Chemical Properties of Hydrogen
Physical Properties of Hydrogen
Regulatory / Health
Who/When/Where/How
Hydrogen Page Two
Nuclides / Isotopes
Potential Parent Nuclides
Hydrogen Page Three
Common Chemical Compounds of Hydrogen
Related Resources
Anatomy of the Atom
Answers many questions regarding the structure of atoms.
Molarity, Molality and Normality
Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality.
Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations.
Chemical Database
This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
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