| WebElements__Phosphorus Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties of the element. |
| Wikipedia__Phosphorus Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics. |
| Radiochemistry_of_Phosphorus Full text of the monograph by William T. Mullins and G. W. Leddicote (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee). [PDF] (March, 1962) |
| ChemicalElements_com__Osmium Basic information, atomic structure, and isotopes. |
| EnvironmentalChemistry_com__Osmium Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides. |
| It\'s_Elemental__Osmium Basic physical and historical information. |
| LANL__Osmium Sources, properties, handling, and uses. |
| Lenntech__Osmium Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects. |
| Osmium Data tables and historic information. |
| Visual_Elements__Osmium General and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies. |
| WebElements__Osmium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties. |
| Wikipedia__Osmium Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics. |
| Radiochemistry_of_Osmium Full text of the monograph by G. W. Leddicotte (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee). [PDF] (October, 1961) |
| Britannica_Nobel_Prize__Radium Detailed overview and data. |
| ChemicalElements_com__Radium Basic information, atomic structure, and isotopes. |
| EnvironmentalChemistry_com__Radium Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides. |
| It\'s_Elemental__Radium Basic physical and historical information. |
| LANL__Radium History, sources, properties, and uses. |
| Lenntech__Radium Physical data, chemical properties, health and environmental effects. |
| Radium Data tables and historic information. |
| Visual_Elements__Radium Image, general and physical information, source, uses, key isotopes, and ionisation energies. |
| WebElements__Radium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties. |
| Wikipedia__Radium Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and charateristics. |
| Radiochemistry_of_Radium Full text of the monograph by Murrell L. Salutsky (W.R. Grace & Co., Research Division, Washington Research Center, Clarksville, Maryland) and H. W. Kirby (Mound Laboratory, Miamisburg, Ohio). [PD |
| ChemicalElements_com__Ruthenium Basic information, atomic structure, and table of isotopes. |
| EnvironmentalChemistry_com__Ruthenium Atomic structure, chemical and physical properties, and table of nuclides. |
| It\'s_Elemental__Ruthenium Basic physical and historical information. |
| LANL__Ruthenium History, sources, uses, and properties. |
| Lenntech__Ruthenium Physical data, chemical properties, and health effects. |
| Ruthenium Data tables and historic information. |
| Visual_Elements__Ruthenium Image, discovery, uses, source, and physical information. |
| WebElements__Ruthenium Extensive information on history, uses, occurrence, compounds, and properties. |
| Wikipedia__Ruthenium Properties of the element, including its history, applications, and characteristics. |
| Addresses_of_Coptologists Contact information, including email addresses, of Coptologists, from the International Association for Coptic Studies. |
| Adkins,_Lesley_and_Roy Archaeologists and authors of The Keys of Egypt and other books on archaeology, history and hieroglyphs. |
| Bankes,_William_John_(1786-1855) A biography of the explorer who traveled to Egypt and Nubia in the early 19th century and became an early Egyptian epigrapher. |
| Bell,_Lanny Professor of Egyptology at Brown University. Photograph, interests and publications. |
| Brovarski,_Edward Professor of Egyptology at Brown University. Interests and publications. |
| Depuydt,_Leo Associate Professor at Brown University, interested in Egyptian history and grammar. Photograph and publications. |
| Directory_of_Institutions_and_Scholars_Involved_in_Demotic_Studies Extensive list with contact information from the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago. |
Basic Information | Atomic Structure | Isotopes | Related Links | Citing This Page ![[Bohr Model of Phosphorus]](http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/p.html/../bohr/b0015.gif)
Number of Energy Levels: 3First Energy Level: 2Second Energy Level: 8Third Energy Level: 5IsotopesIsotopeHalf LifeP-31StableP-3214.28 daysP-3324.3 daysFactsDate of Discovery: 1669Discoverer: Hennig BrandName Origin: From the Greek words phôs (light) and phoros (bearer)Uses: fertilizers, detergentsObtained From: phosphate rockRelated LinksNote: The external links below are not a part of this site and their content is not the responsibility of this siteHealthworld Online - PhosphorusContains an "Introduction to Tungsten", among other thingsIf you know of any other links for Phosphorus, please let me knowMLA Format for Citing This PageBentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Phosphorus. <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/p.html>. For more information about citing online sources, please visit the MLA's Website. This page was created by Yinon Bentor. Use of this web site is restricted by this site's license agreement. Copyright © 1996-2006 Yinon Bentor. All Rights Reserved. 