| Negative_Permittivity_and_Permeability_Material The true "left handed" material is described. In this medium, light waves are expected to exhibit a reverse Doppler effect. |
| Paradoxes_of_Modern_Electrodynamics Provides analysis of some modern electrodynamics concepts including peculiarities and «white spots» in the model of an electromagnetic wave. The site is in English and Russian. |
| PowerLabs___Rail_Gun Electromagnetic capacitor powered 20kJ rail gun research. |
| Science_Ebooks_Ezine This site offers a variety of electronics and physics animations and visual aides for teachers or students. |
| Spin_Science Research conducted at the University of Amsterdam utilizing x-ray magneto-optical techniques for the study of thin film and nanometric magnetic systems. |
| Static_Electricity Website by Jeremy Smallwood on static electricity. Describes the physics phenomena, possible electrostatic damages, materials for electrostatic solutions, and standards. Gives advice on solution of co |
| Static_Electricity_Projects Site devoted to projects utilizing static electricity (motors, generators) which are simple enough and can be relatively easily built. |
| Vacuum_Tube_Diode A demonstration of how a vacuum tube diode works. |
| The_Van_de_Graaff_Generator_Website This site includes information on how Van de Graaff Generators work, typical classroom demonstrations, and instructions for building one. |
| VRML_Gallery_of_Electromagnetism Visualization of the electromagnetic field. |
| Wireless_Lab_at_Nizhny_Novgorod_University Laboratory of Physical Fundamentals and Technologies of Wireless networks at Nizhny Novgorod State University, Russia. |
| Wondermagnet_com Images of magnets and their uses, experiments, a discussion board about magnet-related topics, and an elementary primer on magnetism and magnetic physics. |
| X-ray_Optics_and_Microscopy_at_Stony_Brook Research describing use of coherent soft X-rays for optics experiments, including Fresnel zone plates, to produce the smallest focused spot of electromagnetic waves for studies of biological and mater |
| NSSDC__Venus From NASA's photo gallery. |
| Planet_Venus_-_overview_and_pictures Illustrated guide to Venus. Contains description, facts, statistics and a brief history. |
| Venus From The Nine Planets. |
| Venus NASA's Windows to the Universe. |
| Venus Details on this planet. |
| Venus From "Views of the Solar System". |
| Venus Facts, early knowledge and history of man's exploration of Venus. |
| Venus_Basic_Information Summary articles and related links. |
| Venus__Earth\'s_troubled_sister Although it looks a lot like Earth, it's actually dramatically different. |
| Welcome_to_the_Planets__Venus Planetary profile and vital statistics, some pictures. |
| ACalendar_com The calendar has many options with a standard monthly interface, including sunrise, sunset, and Moon phases. |
| Annus_Novus_Decimal_Calendar A proposal for a non-sectarian, culturally neutral calendar system. |
| Astro_Portal_-_CalSKY The worldwide interactive online astronomical/space calendar and calculator - for friends of astronomy, as well as astronomers. |
| Astronomical_Time_Keeping Extensive descriptions of many astronomical time keeping systems, with information on time zones and Julian day numbers. |
| Astronomy_by_JavaScript__Sun_Calculators_and_More Applets related to calendars and keeping time, including sidererial time. |
| Astronomy_Calendar Features different views of the night sky, constellations, stars, planets, and other celestial wonders. |
| Blue_Moon_Myths Second full moon in a month, or third full moon in a single season? |
| Britannica_com_-_Clockworks__From_Sundials_to_the_Atomic_Second Britannica.com explores the history of timekeeping, from sundials to cesium atomic clocks. |
| The_Calendar,_Leap_Years_and_the_Year_2000 An explanation of the calendar including the origin of the day, week, month and year. |
| Calendar_Studies Articles on the Gregorian and Julian calendars, the ISO date format, the Julian day number system, the Maya calendar, the Goddess lunar calendar, the Liberalia Triday Calendar and C functions for date |
| Calendars_through_the_Ages History and FAQs of calendars, from ancient Rome to outer space. Including Julian, Gregorian, Jewish, Islamic, Chinese, and Mayan. |
| Calendopaedia The Encyclopaedia of Calendars. |
| Calendrical_Calculations Published by Cambridge University Press. Gives a unified algorithmic presentation of the Gregorian, ISO, Julian, Coptic, Ethiopic, and Islamic civil calendars. |
| The_Chinese_Calendar The mathematics of the Chinese calendar. Explains the rules for the Chinese calendar. |
| The_Difference_Between_the_Millennium_and_Year_2000 Questions and answers to satisfy the hearts of true millennium buffs. |
| Greenwich_Time__Home_of_World_Time_(GMT)_since_1884 Complete guide to times in every time zone in the world. |
| Hindu_Calendar_Dates_52nd_Century Explains the cosmological and astronomical influences in creating the Indian calendar. |
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Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article:Brain, Marshall. "How Electromagnets Work." 01 April 2000. HowStuffWorks.com. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/electromagnet.htm> 02 December 2008. Inside this Article Introduction to How Electromagnets Work A Regular Magnet An Electromagnet Magnetic Field The Coil Experiments to Try! See more » Lots More Information See all Devices articles Magnetism: Electromagnetism 
More Science Videos » Your browser does not support JavaScript or it is disabled. The basic idea behind an electromagnet is extremely simple: By running electric current through a wire, you can create a magnetic field.By using this simple principle, you can create all sorts of things, including motors, solenoids, read/write heads for hard disks and tape drives, speakers, and so on. In this article, you will learn exactly how electromagnets work. You will also have the chance to try several experiments with an electromagnet that you create yourself! 
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Related Products: Electromagnetic Brake Electromagnetic Buzzer Electromagnetic Clutch Electromagnetic Flow Meter Electromagnetic Lock Electromagnetic Switch Next Page Inside this Article Introduction to How Electromagnets Work A Regular Magnet An Electromagnet Magnetic Field The Coil Experiments to Try! Lots More Information See all Devices articles digg_url = 'http://science.howstuffworks.com/electromagnet.htm'; digg more 
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